Douglass further argued that paper orders “carry with them a certain moral force which makes them in a large measure self-executing.” The president had pledged to “recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons” and not to repress them “in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.” Douglass believed the proclamation from America’s commander in chief “would act on the rebel masters, and even more powerfully upon their slaves. It would lead the slaves to run away.” Those who escaped bondage and once feared the claws of the Fugitive Slave Act would have the law on their side.
Although Douglass disagreed with Lincoln about the timing and rationale of emancipation, he predicted that Lincoln’s proclamation would stand as “the greatest event of our nation’s history, if not the greatest event of the century,” placing “the North on the side of justice and civilization, and the rebels on the side of robbery and barbarism.” Douglass and Lincoln alike clearly took inspiration from the Declaration of Independence—America’s first Emancipation Proclamation. Both were committed to realizing the promises of 1776, nearly a century later.
Juneteenth and Independence Day honor the struggle of an imperfect people on an imperfect path to freedom and equality. American history—“a heap of Juneteenths,” in the words of Ralph Ellison—can be read as one journey, full of setbacks and triumphs, toward realizing the truths of the Declaration of Independence. That “ink and paper proclamation,” nearly 250 years old, established a way of life that remains, in Lincoln’s words, “the last best hope of earth.”
Juneteenth is a day for us to remember with gratitude and admiration all who labored and sacrificed in the righteous–but at the time unpopular–cause of abolishing slavery. It is easy today to be opposed to slavery; it was not easy back then.https://t.co/HPkMsPyDBF
— Robert P. George (@McCormickProf) June 19, 2025